The establishment of EMEDO has been informed by the environmental, social and economic challenges facing the country’s aquatic ecosystems including diminishing natural resources and poor livelihoods. The founders of the organization had a vast working experience with the rural communities of the Lake Victoria basin and hence our initial interventions have been in the region.
Lake Victoria is a shared transboundary resource of Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. Rwanda and Burundi are a part of the upper watershed that drains into Lake Victoria through the Kagera River. The Lake is part of the Nile River Basin system, which is shared by ten countries: Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda. In addition to its environmental values, including biodiversity and the hydrological cycle, Lake Victoria supports a large fishing industry for export and local consumption, hydropower production, drinking and irrigation water, Lake transport, and tourism.
These benefits are threatened by environmental degradation manifested through reduced fish stocks, decline of biodiversity, prevalence of water hyacinth and other invasive weeds, increased sedimentation and nutrient loads, resulting eutrophication, increased wastes from industrial, municipal and mining activities, destruction of wetlands and loss of littoral habitat, and fluctuating water levels.
Efforts to regulate and manage the activities threatening the Lake have been insufficient and widespread poverty in the basin exacerbates environmental stress. Even in its current parlous state the Lake is a valuable asset supporting the livelihoods of millions of people both directly and indirectly. These challenges have resulted in decreased incomes, unemployment, food and nutritional insecurity in the fishing communities among others.
he need to enhance the capacities of the rural communities, fishers and fish workers to respond to such challenges and fight poverty through has been significant for the sustainable management and use of the available natural resources. EMEDO was hence established to contribute to the management efforts of the Lake and its resources before they suffer irreversible environmental damage.